Strand in Minnesota.ġ882-Norske Ski Club, Berlin, New Hampshire, first modern ski club in America, is organized by resident Norwegians to remain oldest U.S. (Friedl )ġ870s-Development of machine tools with carbon-steel blades enables mass production of hardwood skis, including skis made from expensive American hickory.ġ879-First North American ski manufacturing undertaken by Norwegian immigrant Martin A. (Ski/R 1983 p33) (Her W1996 p7)ġ868-Steam trains begin carrying mail, passengers and skiers into the mountains in Europe and North America.ġ870-Sondre Norheim popularizes the first modern sidecut ski, the “Telemark ski,” setting the basic pattern followed for a century thereafter, producing a narrow-waisted ski that flexed more readily when edged, facilitating turns in soft snow. First ski clubs outside Scandinavia.ġ866-In a competition conducted by the Centralforeigning, or Central Ski Association in the Norwegian capital Christiania (now called Oslo), Sondre Norheim and his fellow Telemarkers demonstrate what is later called the telemark turn and the Christiania skidded stop turn. They teach skiing to the winter-bound residents of mining camps, who organize longboard racing. (HerW1996 p7)ġ850s-Norwegian sailors jump ship in San Francisco to join the California gold rush. Russian trappers bring skis to Alaska.Įarly 19th century: Evidence of skis with sidecut and camber.ġ843-First newspaper reference to an organized cross-country ski race, in Tromso, Norway.ġ840s-Sondre Norheim, of Morgedal, Telemark, discovers the perfect heel strap, cleverly entwined shoots of the birch tree root, with enough stiffness to provide sufficient control of the ski to steer it and enough elasticity to stay snugly around the heel to keep the toe in the toestrap even going off a jump, making possible both modern downhill and ski-jumping. Unrestricted travel across Siberia possible only when rivers and bogs are frozen.ģ50 BCE: First direct reference to skiing in Chinese literature.ġ6th century: First mentions of skiing in European literature, usually in reference to the 'Scridfinns' ('Skiing Finns' or Lapps), the people who called themselves Saami.ġ8th century: Military units across Scandinavia have organized brigades of ski troops. Archaelogical evidence is strong that hunters used skis from Norway to northwestern Russia. Skiing tribes migrate eastward across Asia and north into Scandinavia.Ībout 6,000 years ago: Skiing is well established across the Eurasian arctic regions. Snowshoes evolve into longer fur-covered skis, which enable hunters to move faster over snow than elk and deer can move. Stone Age hunters follow herds of elk and reindeer. Travel and hunting across the frozen lakes and swamps encourages development of snowshoes and sleds. Women competed in ski jumping for the first time in the history of the Winter Olympic Games.Before 10,000 years ago: With the retreat of glaciers after the last Ice Age, tribes move into the forest and tundra south and east of the Baltic Sea. The women's normal hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, was held on 11 February 2014 at RusSki Gorki Jumping Center in the Esto-Sadok village on the northern slope of Aibga Ridge in Krasnaya Polyana.

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